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Knoll International – A pioneer of modern furniture design

American furniture manufacturer Knoll International has stood for timeless, contemporary furniture design of the highest quality since 1938. Designs from the Bauhaus era and American mid-century design form the focus of Knoll International's portfolio, including iconic designs classics such as the Barcelona collection by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, the Saarinen Tulip chair by Eero Saarinen, the Wassily club chair by Marcel Breuer or the famous Diamond lounge chair by Harry Bertoia.

Furniture from Knoll International characterises modern interior and workplace design with a clear design language, innovative materials and perfect craftsmanship. Especially for private living areas, but also for offices and public spaces, Knoll International offers durable, stylish and functional furniture design that combines the heritage of classical modernism with a contemporary lifestyle.

► 5 iconic design classics from Knoll International
► The Knoll International furniture portfolio
► A shared history: Knoll International and the Bauhaus classics
► Knoll International Designers: Pioneers of modern furniture design
► The history of Knoll International
► Sustainability at Knoll International

Saarinen Tulip chairs and Saarinen dining table from Knoll International

5 iconic design classics from Knoll International

Knoll International stands for design icons that have set standards for decades, with the following quintet counting as the company's most important design classics:

Barcelona chair by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich

Icon of classical modernism: Barcelona chair from 1929

The Barcelona chair was designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in collaboration with his partner Lilly Reich for the German pavilion at the World Exhibition in Barcelona in 1929. Based on the ancient form of the scissor chair a truly royal piece of seating was created for the Spanish royal couple, a work which with its elegant minimalism became a symbol of modern architecture and aesthetics.

Womb Chair by Eero Saarinen

Security and comfort are the order of the day: The elegant Womb chair by Eero Saarinen

Eero Saarinen designed this chair as a place of retreat and relaxation; therefore he gave it the programmatic name Womb Chair. With its generous, curved shape and padded seat, the comfortable chair conveys a feeling of security. The Womb Chair is the ideal place to make yourself comfortable in a very elegant way.

Saarinen Tulip chair by Eero Saarinen

A groundbreaking chair design: The futuristic Tulip chair

With his Tulip chair Eero Saarinen said goodbye to the traditional four chair legs in 1956 and revolutionised furniture design. The design owes its name to the one-legged, slim, goblet-shaped frame made of aluminium and the organically shaped seat shell. A design as futuristic as it is revolutionary and functional, the Tulip chair played a leading role in the science fiction series Star Trek in the 1960s.

Wassily club chair by Marcel Breuer

The Wassily club chair: Bauhaus design classic by Marcel Breuer

With the 1925 Wassily club chair Marcel Breuer created one of the first tubular steel chairs, and an avant-garde masterpiece that is now considered a classic of Bauhaus design. The open frame made of chrome-plated tubular steel and the stretched leather straps characterise the functional-industrial design, which is both light and comfortable.

Diamond lounge chair by Harry Bertoia

The Diamond Chair: Sculpture and furniture design in one

The Diamond Chair is not just an armchair: rather, the sculptor and designer, Harry Bertoia has created a composition of delicate steel that combines aesthetic lightness and grace with physical stability - a revolutionary example of the combination of art and furniture design. The organically curved mesh structure of the chair fits perfectly to the body and casts a characteristic shadow in the sunlight.

The Knoll International furniture portfolio

The portfolio of Knoll International includes a wide range of indoor and outdoor furniture types that have been developed for both private and commercial use, be that upholstered furniture such as armchairs, sofas and loungers or accompanying chairs, stools and ottomans. In addition to legendary design classics such as the Barcelona chair or the Tulip chair, contemporary seating furniture by renowned designers and architects such as Piero Lissoni or Frank Gehry is also manufactured by Knoll International.

The Knoll range is complemented by elegant tables, including dining tables, conference tables, side tables and coffee tables, including popular design classics such as the Platner coffee table, the Saarinen side table or the Laccio coffee table by Marcel Breuer.

In addition to designer furniture for the home, Knoll International produces a wide range of functional office furniture; a Knoll International office portfolio that offers innovative desks and conference tables, flexible shelving systems and ergonomic office swivel chairs.

Luxurious Knoll ambience – furnished with the Platner coffee table, the Barcelona day bed and the MR armchair Bauhaus Edition

Saarinen dining table round

Barcelona chair

A shared history: Knoll International and the Bauhaus classics

Knoll International is one of the leading suppliers of Bauhaus classics in Europe, works characterised by functionality and timeless aesthetics. Bauhaus philosophy states that furniture should not detract from the architectural space, but rather complement it. Knoll International Bauhaus furniture therefore fits equally into contemporary and historical spaces, as well as different contexts, with presence and restraint. The connection between Knoll International and Bauhaus can be traced back to the 1920s when Walter Knoll, father of the company founder Hans Knoll, realised the furnishings for Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's apartments in the Weissenhofsiedlung in Stuttgart. When Hans Knoll founded his company he was one of the contemporary witnesses of the Bauhaus movement and had personally met many of the most important representatives such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius. Today, Knoll International is the licensed manufacturer of many Bauhaus furniture designs by Marcel Breuer and Mies van der Rohe.

Furniture design classics of the Bauhaus era: MR armchair & MR cahise longue by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in exclusive Bauhaus editions

Knoll International Designers: Pioneers of modern furniture design

Influential designers of the 20th century, such as Harry Bertoia, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, Marcel Breuer, Eero Saarinen, Warren Platner and Florence Knoll herself, have shaped the Knoll International company with their designs. Too many to mention all, here by example, a trio of the most important and their furniture design:

Florence Knoll

Florence Knoll: Architect of modern office furniture design

After the death of her parents Florence Knoll grew up with Eliel Saarinen and his wife and came into contact with influential architects such as Le Corbusier, Alvar Aalto and Frank Lloyd Wright at an early age. She studied at the Cranbrook Academy and worked in the New York architectural office of Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius. Her minimalist and functional designs are considered pioneers of modern office furniture design. At Knoll International Florence developed and led the concept of the "Knoll Planning Unit", with which she pioneered te concept of holistic office design and thereby established new standards in the field of corporate identity. Her furniture, including seating such as the Florence Knoll bench and tables, is characterised by clear lines and a pragmatic aesthetic.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe: A Master of Minimalism

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, one of the key figures of the Bauhaus movement, contributed significantly to the success of Knoll International. One of his most famous designs is the Barcelona collection, in which his partner, the designer Lilly Reich, played a key role. The collection began with the Barcelona Chair, which Mies van der Rohe designed for the German pavilion at the 1929 World's Fair in Barcelona, ​​and was later supplemented by the Barcelona Lounger. These pieces of furniture - especially the Barcelona Chair - are still considered masterpieces of modern design today. Mies' credo "less is more" is reflected in the clean lines and structural elegance of this collection. After many years of collaboration with Mies van der Rohe, Knoll International was granted exclusive rights to produce the Barcelona furniture, as well as the Brno Chair and the MR collection in 1948.

Eero Saarinen

Eero Saarinen: Revolutionary of Forms

The Finnish designer Eero Saarinen studied sculpture and architecture in Paris and Yale. At the Cranbrook Academy he took a teaching position and met the designer Charles Eames, with whom he became close friends and creative partner. Saarinen created timeless classics for Knoll International with his Pedestal Collection, which, in addition to the Tulip chair includes the complimenting Saarinen dining tables, side tables and coffee tables. Saarinen was unhappy with the "messy" chair and table legs of conventional furniture and therefore developed models that stand on a single central base. The organically elegant form of the Pedestal collection are still considered a symbol of futuristic design and counts among the groundbreaking designs in the design history of the 20th century.

The history of Knoll International

Knoll – then Hans G. Knoll Furniture Company – was founded in New York in 1938 by Hans Knoll. As the son of the German furniture manufacturer Walter Knoll Hans grew up with a strong connection to the furniture industry, and strongly influence by the ideals of the Bauhaus, which he had learned about in his father's circle during his time in Europe.

Driven by the idea that modern architects needed modern furniture Hans hired the interior designer Florence Schust, who had an impressive resume with a degree from the Cranbrook Academy in Michigan, a degree in architecture from the Architectural Association in London and work in the architectural offices of Gropius and Breuer in Boston. After their marriage in 1946 Florence Knoll and Hans Knoll founded Knoll Associates and retained the Bauhaus approach, but steered the company in an international direction through collaborations with Eero Saarinen, Harry Bertoia, Jens Risom and Isamu Noguchi.

Knoll International is founded for the European market

As there was a great demand for furniture and furnishings in post-war Europe, Knoll International eventually emerged in 1951 from subsidiaries in France and Germany. Small factories were commissioned to manufacture Knoll products, and Florence Knoll designed the first European showroom in Paris.

To this day Knoll in the USA and Knoll International in Europe are among the most renowned manufacturers in the designer furniture industry. Knoll and Knoll International present their portfolio in numerous monobrand showrooms and exhibition spaces around the world. In addition to the headquarters in the United States, there are also several production sites in the USA and Canada and two more in Italy. All production sites focus on modern technologies, qualified specialists, safety and environmental friendliness. Knoll has received numerous awards, such as the National Design Award for Corporate and Institutional Achievement from the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum in New York. Knoll has been part of the MillerKnoll brand network since 2021.

Knoll Company Info (ca. 16 MB)

Knoll Tulip chairs by Eero Saarinen

 
 
 

Knoll family tree

Sustainability at Knoll International

Knoll International has been setting standards in sustainable design and responsible production for almost 40 years. The company takes social, economic and ecological aspects into account to develop processes and products that protect people and the environment. By using sustainable, recycled and recyclable materials, Knoll minimizes environmental impact. Long-lasting, high-quality products are key as they can ideally be used for generations. Knoll was also a pioneer in independent third-party certification, including ISO 14001 certification for production facilities in the USA and Europe, which confirms the highest environmental standards. Today, Knoll International furniture has a variety of independent US and international certificates, such as Greenguard or FSC, which guarantee the environmental compatibility and sustainability of materials and manufacturing processes.

A further focus is the MillerKnoll RePurpose program, which sustainably manages surplus company resources such as furniture and equipment. This program reduces waste, saves costs and lowers the carbon footprint while supporting the environment and community. Knoll International has received numerous awards for its sustainability initiatives and is also committed to protecting threatened modern architecture around the world through partnerships such as the World Monuments Fund's Modernism at Risk program.

Knoll International in the smow stores

Discover Knoll International furniture for yourself in one of our smow stores. Our experienced experts are on hand to advise on all aspects of Knoll International furniture and furnishing homes and offices with Knoll International. Knoll International furniture on site in Germany at the these locations.

More about 'Knoll' in our journal

Mehr als echt (More than real) by Jun Yang at Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau

...The result is a collection of some 80 chairs at various locations throughout the Dessau Bauhaus building and in the foyer of the Bauhaus Museum Dessau; some 80 chairs composing a juxtaposition of licenced works through Knoll, Thonet and Tecta, including the B3 'Wassily' club chair by Marcel Breuer, the S533 R by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe or the D4 by Marcel Breuer, of plagiarisms of those licensed works, and also of alternative interpretations of those licensed works by furniture retail chains such as Ikea or XXXLutz and designers such as Jasper Morrison... the presence of a B 9 by Marcel Breuer produced in 1994 by L&C Stendal alongside a contemporary Thonet B 9, and also by a 1983 B3 'Wassily' club chair by Marcel Breuer by Stima Stendal alongside a contemporary Knoll B3; a Stima Stendal that was the DDR incarnation of an L&C Stendal that traces its (hi)story back to the late 19th century, and an L&C Stendal that in the 1930s was one of the largest producers of steel tube furniture, including producing and distributing a great many works by Marcel Breuer...

Stühle zum (Be)Sitzen, a smow Pop-up at the Grassi Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Leipzig

...Unlike today where the Barcelona Chair is, inarguably, the archetype of the representative lobby chair, much as Mies van der Rohe intended it to be; but only exists as such because in the 1950s Florence Knoll was able to persuade Mies van der Rohe to allow Knoll to produce it...

The Historia Supellexalis: "S" for Switzerland

...The Wohnbedarf, for example, a people closely related to the Embru, established friendly contact and exchange with the Aalto from the Betula rich lands of Artek in southern Finland; the Embru themselves briefly exchanged ideas on bent metal furniture with a Breuer known as Marcel who arrived in Switzerland from the dominion of Bauhaus; or the Röthlisberger, who alongside nurturing their own wooden furniture began cultivating the American Knoll associatus subsp...


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